THE EFFECTIVENESS OF USING DIRECT METHOD TO IMPROVE STUDENTS’ SPEAKING ABILITY

THE EFFECTIVENESS OF USING DIRECT METHOD TO IMPROVE STUDENTS’ SPEAKING ABILITY 

(A Classroom Action Research)

CHAPTER I

INTRODUCTION

 A.  Background of the Study

Human being needs each other. As a social culture, human needs to communicate with  language  as  a  means  of  communication  with  other  people.  Language  is  used  by people to express and receive some information, message, emotions and so on. There are  many kinds of languages used by people such as English, Dutch, India, French, Spanish, Arab, Indonesia, etc. It depends on where the people live. English is a foreign language in Indonesia.

One  of  the  ways  of  communication  is    through  speaking.  For  most  people, mastering ―the art‖ of speaking is the single most important aspect of learning a second or  foreign  language,  and  success  is  measured  in  terms  of  the  ability  to  carry  out  a conversation in the language (Fauziati, 2008: 126). 

Nowadays English is an important language. It is the key to international currency of  technology,  science,  as  well  as  commerce.  As  an  international  language,  English  has gained its popularity all over the world including Indonesia. In the past English was only taught in high school. In current years, the teaching of English is expanding into primary schools.

English consists of four basic skills that students must master, they are speaking, writing,  reading  and  listening.  The  first  skill  is  speaking,  it  controls  to  learn  and  to develop  of  an  individual‘s  personality.  The  second  one  is  writing,  it  is  a  partial representation of units of language expression. This is the chief means by which thought, ideas and knowledge are preserved. The third is reading, it is to grasp language patterns from  their  written  representation.  The  fourth  is  listening;  through  listening,  we  build knowledge by taking in new information (Robert Lado, 1983: 143).

Speaking  is  in  many  ways  an  undervalued  skill.  Perhaps  this  is  because  we  can almost all speak, and so take the skill too much for granted. Speaking is often thought of as a popular form of expression which uses the unprestigious colloquial register: literary skills  are  on  the  whole  more  prized.  The  fact  that  speaking  is  transient  and  improvised, and can therefore be viewed as ??????

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The Flouting of Conversational Maxims in Captain Phillips Movie

THE FLOUTING OF CONVERSATIONAL MAXIMS IN CAPTAIN PHILLIPS MOVIE

CHAPTER I

INTRODUCTION

In  this  chapter,  the  researcher  presents  background  of  the  research, statement  of  research  problems,  objectives  of  the  research,  significance  of  the research,  scope  and  limitation  of  the  research,  definition  of  key  terms,  and organization of research paper.

A. Background of the Research

Language is a signal system which operates with symbolic vocal sound and  which  is  used  by  a  group  of  people  for  the  purpose  of  communication. Social  interactions either  daily  communication  are  constantly  liked  to  others via the  facilitation  of language.  Obviously, language plays an important role in human life. Finocchiaro as  cited by Susanto (2007:2) stated  that language is  a  system  of  arbitrary  vocal  symbol  which  permits  all  people  in  a  given culture, or  other  people  who  have  learned  the  system  of  that  culture  to communicate or to interact. In addition, Hornby as cited by Susanto (2007:3) mentioned that  language  is  a  system  of  sounds,  words,  patterns used  by human to communicate thoughts and feelings.

Some  linguists’  statements  above  give  an  understanding  that  language is  quite  significant  for  people  as  a  means????????????????

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An Error Analysis of Mechanics of Writing Made by the Students of Fourth Semester

An Error Analysis Of Mechanics Of Writing Made By The Students Of Fourth Semester

CHAPTER I

INTRODUCTION

This chapter is introduction that includes background of the research, the formulation of research problem, the objectives of the research, significance of the research, scope and limitation of the research, definition of key terms, and organization of the research.

A.       Background of the Research

English language is important for students to learn currently, because it is the language of world which used as a standard of international communication. As argued by Brown (2000:118) “English is not frequently learned as a tool for understanding and teaching US or British cultural values. Instead, English has become a tool for international communication in transportation, commerce, bank, tourism, technology, diplomacy, and scientific research”. All of English teachers suggested to the students about the importance of English language, so the students should learn it comprehensively. In learning English language, there are four skills. Those are listening, speaking, reading, and writing skill. To learn language, mastering those four skills is very necessary. Hopefully, all of the students learn them to create a good communication with other.

Writing is one of the four language skills that have to be achieved by someone who is learning English ??????

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SONGS TO IMPROVE THE STUDENTS’ ACHIEVEMENT IN PRONOUNCING ENGLISH WORDS (An Action Research)

SONGS TO IMPROVE THE STUDENTS’ ACHIEVEMENT IN PRONOUNCING ENGLISH WORDS

(An Action Research)

CHAPTER I

INTRODUCTION

 

1.1 Background of the Study

Language is a very important means of communication in daily human life. Human being uses language both in written and spoken forms to express their  idea. As stated by Ramelan (1992: 10), language is an arbitrary system of speech  sounds which is used in interpersonal communication by an aggregation of human beings, and which rather exhaustively catalogs thing, process, and events in the human environments.

English has become an international language. People of different countries speak English to communicate. English is a key,  which opens the door to scientific and technological knowledge. The Indonesian government has chosen English as the first foreign language to be taught in the schools. English becomes one of compulsory subjects from Junior High School up to University. Therefore, the government provides a curriculum as the guidance of English teacher in teaching-learning process. In the English curriculum 2006, the learning activities involve listening, speaking, reading and writing. The four skills are taught cohesively. Although  it is focused on the four skills, pronunciation is not separately taught from the four skills.

It is difficult for Indonesian students to pronounce English words correctly, for example when they are asked  to pronounce the word “umbrella” /  ∂mbrel∂ / they will pronounce /umbrella /. It is because of the differences between their mother tongue and the English. The degree of difficulty in learning is also determined by the degree of difference between the two languages. The greater similarity between them, the less difficult it will be for  ??????

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Error Analysis of Mechanics of Writing Made by the Students of Fourth Semester

ERROR ANALYSIS OF MECHANICS OF WRITING MADE BY THE STUDENTS OF FOURTH SEMESTER

CHAPTER I

INTRODUCTION

This chapter is introduction that includes background of the research, the formulation of research problem, the objectives of the research, significance of the research, scope and limitation of the research, definition of key terms, and organization of the research.

A.       Background of the Research

English language is important for students to learn currently, because it is the language of world which used as a standard of international communication. As argued by Brown (2000:118) “English is not frequently learned as a tool for understanding and teaching US or British cultural values. Instead, English has become a tool for international communication in transportation, commerce, bank, tourism, technology, diplomacy, and scientific research”. All of English teachers suggested to the students about the importance of English language, so the students should learn it comprehensively. In learning English language, there are four skills. Those are listening, speaking, reading, and writing skill. To learn language, mastering those four skills is very necessary. Hopefully, all of the students learn them to create a good communication with other.

Writing is one of the four language skills that have to be achieved by someone who is learning English language. Writing is an important part of studying English, because studying writing can improve the student’s skill in manipulating their sentence construction. This writing skill, of course, will not be???????????????????

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